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MANAGEMENT OF ANOPHELES MOSQUITO LARVAE AND ADULT WITH ZINGIBER OFFICINALE POWDER AND OIL EXTRACT

J.O Akinneye, E.T Obimakinde, O.S Osunyemi, A.J Owoeye and P.F Chime

This research evaluated the effectiveness of powder and oil extracts of Zingiber officinale against larva and adult stages of Anopheles mosquito. Water sample was obtained from stagnant pool of water within the environment of University of Lagos and adult female Anopheles mosquitoes were allowed to lay eggs after which was transported to the laboratory where the larva and the adult stages of the mosquito emerged. Rhizoids of Z. officinales was obtained from farm in Ondo town, Ondo West Local Government Areas of Ondo State and transported to the Entomology Research Laboratory Federal University of Technology, Akure Ondo State where they were processed into fine powder. Oil extraction was carried out using absolute ethanol in a soxhlet extractor and redistilled using rotary evaporator. Different concentrations of the oil extract (2 %, 4 %, 6 %, 8 % and 10 %) and plant powder (1 g-5 g) of Z. officinale were prepared after which larval and adult stages of Anopheles mosquito were exposed to the treatment for the period of 30 min, 1 hour, 1 hour 30 min and 2 hours. The result obtained showed that the oil extract of Z. officinale at all concentrations had significant effect on larvae and adult mosquito at both contact and fumigant toxicity with percentage mortality range of 70-100% within 120 min of exposure period (P<0.05). The aqueous extract of Z. officinale was relatively ineffective against the larval stage of the mosquito at all levels of concentration however, the fumigant effect of the powder was also effective against the adult stage of the mosquito which invoked 73-90% mortality at 4g and 5g concentrations (P<0.05). The result of this study revealed that oil extract of Z. officinale as both contact and fumigant were very effective against both larvae and adult stages of Anopheles mosquito, thus can serve as an to synthetic insecticides which could pose serious health hazard to human.