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Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Acinetobacter baumannii using the E-test method.

Roohangiz Nashibi, Sheyda Riyahi, Mohammadreza Afshar, Hamid Moradzadegan

The opportunistic pathogen, Acinetobacter baumannii is a gram negative, obligate aerobic, non-fermentative coccobacillus responsible for a variety of infections. It has the ability to develop resistance to many antibiotics. Antimicrobial resistance of this organism has become a worldwide problem that limited therapeutic options. Surveillance of antimicrobial drug resistance is substantially a great issue to guide empirical treatment. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii. In this retrospective study, the antibiotic resistance of 88 Acinetobacter isolates to 12 antibiotics was measured during one year using the E-Test (MIC, France) method in Mueller Hinton agar (Conda, Spain) plates. Species identification was determined by VITEK2 automated system (bioMerieux, Inc. Durham, NC27712 USA). The data was analyzed using Spss version 22 software (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL). The most isolated Acinetobacter baumannii was isolated from the wound (98.9%). The frequency of antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter isolates was as follows: Ticarcillin (96.6%), Ceftazidime (96.6%), Cefepime (96.6%), Piperacillin/Tazobactam (95.5%), Meropenem (94.3%), Ciprofloxacin (94.3%), Levofloxacin (93.1%), Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (89.8%), Gentamicin (86.4%), Tobramycin (79.5%), Rifampicin (38.7%), Colistin (7%). Of all the isolates 97.7% were identified as having a MDR phenotype based on the definition that 86 isolates of 88 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates exhibited resistance to carbapenem or resistance to at least one agent in three or more antibiotic classes. Acinetobacter baumannii isolates showed the highest sensitivity to Colistin and the lowest sensitivity to Ticarcillin, Ceftazidime and Cefepime. It has high resistance [96.6%] to: Ticarcillin, Ceftazidime and Cefepime in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. According to this study we suggest that we could use Colistin and rifampicin to empirical treatment infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii.